Analysts used the BENMAP model developed for U.S. EPA to assist in preparation of air pollution control policies to compare the impact of a the current annual average PM2.5 NAAQS of 15 µg/m3 with a more stringent standard of 12 µg/m3 in California.
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Heart disease is the leading cause of death and hospitalization among older adults. Numerous community health studies have reported positive and consistent associations between cardiovascular hospital admissions and mortality with outdoor air pollution, particularly measures of PM2.5 and PM10.
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This review article explores potential mechanisms of vascular disease induced by lung inflammation.
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Before reunification of Germany in 1989, outdoor concentrations of total suspended particles were higher in East Germany than in West Germany due to emissions from industrial and domestic sources. Traffic-related air pollution was higher in West Germany than in East Germany.
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The results of laboratory toxicology study which exposed human alveolar macrophages and airway epithelial cells to particles in vitro and followed them for endpoints of inflammation and oxidant stress were reported in Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.
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A time-series study of nearly 9,000 adults over age 65 in Vancouver, Canada examined the relationship between hospital admissions for respiratory disease and daily measures of PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5.
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A systematic review of the epidemiological literature published in the European Respiratory Journal examined studies that have investigated the effects of both fine and coarse particles, and found that for some health endpoints, the effects are even stronger for coarse particles than for fine.
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A study published online in the journal Pediatrics reported a detrimental effect of relatively low levels of coarse particulate matter on hospitalizations for respiratory infections in children.
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Researchers collected information on childhood deaths from leukemia or other cancers in Great Britain between 1953 and 1980.
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Two large clinical trials in Southern California have been following the progression of atherosclerosis in participants by measuring the thickness of the carotid artery.
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